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Computing Paradigms

A hub of computing paradigms — the ways computation is organised, delivered and scaled — from cloud, serverless and edge to quantum, high-performance, distributed, cognitive and brain-inspired computing.

46 topics•6 categories•Updated November 2026

Cloud, Cloud-native & Serverless

5 entries

Computing delivered as a service, and applications built for it.

01Cloud ComputingOn-demand delivery of IT resources over the internet: compute, storage, databases and networking. 02Cloud-native ComputingPrinciples, tools and practices for building scalable applications with containers, microservices and automation. 03Serverless ComputingEvent-driven execution model where the provider manages infrastructure. 04Distributed ComputingParadigms and systems for coordinating computation across networked nodes. 05Multicloud Management PlatformsPlatforms for managing workloads across several clouds.

Serverless Family

6 entries

Directories under the serverless hub.

06Serverless PlatformsPlatforms for running serverless applications. 07Serverless Development ToolsFrameworks and tools for building serverless apps. 08FaaS on KubernetesFunction platforms that run on Kubernetes. 09Serverless Monitoring ToolsMonitoring for serverless apps. 10Serverless Security ToolsSecurity tools for serverless apps. 11Serverless at the EdgeEdge function platforms.

Edge, Mobile & Networks

5 entries

Computing close to users and devices, and the networks that connect them.

12Edge ComputingDistributed paradigm that brings computation and data closer to where they are produced. 13Edge AIEdge AI hardware, platforms and runtimes. 14Cloud-native Edge ComputingCloud-native principles applied to the edge. 15Mobile ComputingTechnologies enabling computation and connectivity on portable devices. 165G and 6G Communication Networks5G and 6G networks, RAN and UCaaS.

Quantum Computing

4 entries

Quantum hardware, software and security.

17Quantum ComputingHub for quantum computing: hardware, cryptography, QKD, post-quantum and quantum AI. 18Quantum Computing VendorsVendors of quantum hardware and cloud access. 19Quantum AIQuantum approaches to artificial intelligence. 20Quantum CryptographyQuantum key distribution and related technologies.

Performance, Intelligence & Context

6 entries

High-performance and brain-inspired computing, and systems that adapt to context.

21High-Performance ComputingSupercomputing and parallel processing clusters for computationally intensive problems. 22Real-Time Systems & RTOSReal-time operating systems, real-time Linux, safety-certified options and analysis tools. 23Context-aware ComputingSystems that sense and adapt to their environment. 24Cognitive ComputingAI systems that mimic human thought processes. 25Neuromorphic ComputingBrain-inspired, event-driven architectures using spiking neural networks. 26In-Memory DatabasesLow-latency data stores that keep data in memory.

Reference Bodies & Rankings

15 entries

Professional societies and rankings that frame computing paradigms.

27TOP500Twice-yearly ranking of the world's fastest supercomputers. 28IEEE Computer SocietyProfessional society for computing. 29ACMAssociation for Computing Machinery. 30Computing Research AssociationComputing research community and policy. 31NIST SP 800-145: The NIST Definition of Cloud ComputingReference definition of cloud service and deployment models. 32CNCFHome of Kubernetes and cloud native projects. 33LF EdgeOpen source edge computing projects. 34Quantum Open Source FoundationCommunity supporting open-source quantum software. 35Linux FoundationHost of open-source projects across cloud, edge, AI and more. 36Confidential Computing ConsortiumLinux Foundation project on protecting data in use with trusted execution environments. 37RISC-V InternationalSteward of the open RISC-V instruction set architecture. 38Cloud Security AllianceResearch and guidance on cloud security. 39Green500Ranking of supercomputers by energy efficiency. 40Green Software FoundationCommunity working on sustainable software and computing. 41IBM QuantumIBM quantum hardware, cloud access and the Qiskit software stack.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a computing paradigm?

A model for how computation is organised and delivered, such as running on demand in the cloud, close to devices at the edge, in parallel on supercomputers or on quantum hardware.

How are cloud, cloud-native and serverless related?

Cloud computing provides resources on demand, cloud-native designs applications to exploit them with containers and microservices, and serverless goes further by having the provider manage scaling and infrastructure.

What is the difference between edge and cloud computing?

Cloud computing processes data in central data centers, while edge computing processes it near where it is produced to cut latency and bandwidth. Most designs use both.

Where should I start?

If you are new, begin with Cloud Computing and Distributed Computing. For modern application design go to Cloud-native and Serverless, and for newer areas see Edge, Quantum and Neuromorphic.

What are the main computing paradigms?

Cloud, cloud-native and serverless computing, edge and mobile computing, distributed and high-performance computing, quantum computing, and bio- or brain-inspired paradigms such as neuromorphic computing.